Definitions

Expositroy Writing: Expository writing is a type of writing where ther purpose of it is to inform, explain and describe the writers subject to the reader. Expository text is ment to deposit information. It is the most common used type of writing for people in school and other forms of education.

Plot Point: A plot point is an event in a flim or in television within a plot that digs into the action and makes it turn in another direction. It can also be an object of importance, around which the plots revolves. It can be anything from an event or the discovery of a character or even motive.

Climax: A climax is a point where something becomes intense or hightened tension or drama. This is the turning point of a narrative.

Epilogue: A epilogue is a peice of writing at the end of a work or literature. In film, epilogue is a feature showing a montage, images or clips with a short explanation of what happend to the characters. There are many films that don't only contain a few glimpses of the character's future, but also are based on an epilogue.

Movie Narrative: Julia

In act 1 in the flim ''Julia'' I didn't really get a big idea of what the story was all about. But you did get a idea of what the main character was like personality wise. The character Julia seemed like a hard going, alcoholic woman who seemed out of control and didn't really care what people thought about her and just did what she felt like and when she felt like doing it. In act 1 you did get a slight idea of what the plot was and also contained a ''turning point'' where the main character got a goal and had to try and overcome that goal.

In act 2 of the film, the main character became tied up in the goal that she had to try and overcome by herself. She lost her job and then started to lose money. So she took up an offer and idea of someone elses and turned it into her own. At times it became a struggle to try and make it seem like she was going to succeed in overcoming the goal at hand, but she also gave a feeling like she was going to do anything to get what she wanted and what she needed in order to succeed. It seemed like there was no way forward for her and like life was almost coming to an end. Without money, Julia wouldn't be able to continue with the life she was leading. She became a very good liar and used it to her advantage, which in the end, helped her overcome the goal.

In act 3 Julia almost became a different person compaired to what you saw in the start of the film. She had a different view on what was happening and also how she was going to overcome the goal that she was first given. Emotionally she became a whole new person. It was like she became aware of other people and their feelings. It ended with a happy ending which was predicted.

I think the film was really good. It did seem to drag on a little bit at times, but it seemed to hold my attention. I think people could watch the film and feel emotionally connected in someway. The main character is someone some people can relate to in life. She didn't know what she was living for, but she knew she was doing it. The people around her are also people that some can relate to. It does deal with the common issue of alcoholism which gives some people a reason to be able to rekate to the story in some way. Although the kidnapping in the film didn't seem realistic at all, it was in some strange way. The fact she became a better person and after going through all these events, she came out ready to face anything she had to in order to make it all right again, made some kind of statement in some way. It showed that people can change and so can situations. Things can't be planned. Even with planning and preperation, things will change in some way and you can't do a thing to stop it.

The fact that Julia went and did this crime for herself and her own benifit showed that she was going to do anything do get what she wanted in life, which wasn't alot. She almost gave no feelings or showed them for anybody. She used the people around her so she could fill the void of being alone and having bo one or nothing to really live for. When the little boy came into her life, suddenly something started to matter and make some kind of sense to her.

When things started to get a bit messy for her and the situation became worse, she didn't really know what to do, but she did try to overcome it and end up with she wanted. Although in the end of the film she didn't get exactly what she set out to get, she still gained feelings and a sense of life that she never really knew. This showed the growth of the main character in the film. It wasn't something that is very real, but the story does have some kind of meaning to it and also does contain themes that people can relate to in life. Without something for people to realte to somehow, I don't think the film would have worked so well. I enjoyed the story and thought that the film ment something in some way. It ment and showed that planning in life and only ever doing certain things and limiting yourself as person will keep you from really being yourself and who you are ment to be. Julia wasn't the person she could be and wasn't the person she really wanted to be, but in the end she got there. It took going throught something shocking and hurtfull to show her that there is things to live for in life.

Narrative

Act 1

• Expository opening introduces the centeral characters
• Sets up the situation
• Audience get an idea of what the genre is and the main goal
• Development takes place and triggers the plot's development. This development is a catalyst which propels the plot forward.
• Contains the 'turning point' which gives the characters a goal
• The catalyst is seen as the desire for the 'call to adventure' which is often rejected.
  
  Act 2
  
• Sometimes labelles 'Confrontations/Complications'
• A series of interrelated obstacles are introduced
• Forces the hero(s) to try to overcome the obstacle and move towards goal
• At the end of scene 2 there is usually a 'dark moment'
• The dark moment occurs when all hope seems to be lost and there is no way forward

Act 3

• The hero must find a new way forward in act 3
• Act 3 is the shortest act which leads from the climax
• Contains a brief epilouge, in which loose ends are tied up
• The epilouge leaves the audience satisfied emotionally
• The epilouge is very similar to the opening scene and helps highlight the protagonist's growth within the journey
• With the growth of the protagonist's growth both phsically and emotionally, it means there may be a happy ending

Brainstorming

The Simpsons

• Aimed at a large audience group, aimed 6-25, but appeals to all kinds of age groups and is played at 5:00, TV3.
• Different characters appeal to different people and draw them in. It may be different kinds of race, religion, personalities and age which can appeal to all the different groups and gets them to watch the show. The characters are what make an audience watch and are the base of the show. Without characters that appeal to the audience, the viewing stats would go down and the show would get bad ratings.
• Advertising is different because of the audience groups that the show is aimed at.
• The audience can dictate the way the show can end up going. To appeal to larger audience groups, the show will introduce new characters and events. This is so the shows gets more viewers which also makes the cost of advertising during the show more expensive.
• The viewers need to be able to interact with the characters and show in some way. This shows how the audience inpacts on the show and how it is written to appeal.
• The time slot must also fit in with the show and targeted audiences. By palying the show at 5:00pm, this means both young and older people will be around to watch it. It is also around the normal eating time for some families, so the advertising is mainly food. Because the show does have a large following, companies will pay more money to advertise during the show.
• Some of the language that the characters use must also appeal to the audience and fit that certain character.
• By introducing a new character to the show, they then start to appeal to that certain audience with that character. Instead of just sticking to one audience group, they open the show up to new audiences.
• People need to be able to relate to a charcter.
• The show is aimed at survivours.
• Events on the show also need to appeal to the audience. They need to be able to relate to the event and almost ins ome way, feel connected.

Mesuring TV viewing stats

People Meter:

Pros:

• Records all of the viewers viewing status
• Easy to use
• Has a reminder if the user forgets to identify themselves
• Holds the viewers age and sex so it gives a accurate reading

Cons:

• May become annoying everytime you have to sign in and identify yourself
• Holds all your personal viewing information so everything you watch is recorded
• The remote that comes along with it may easily get knocked and a button get pushed accidently so it may identify you as someone else and record the following viewing status
• Not all of the data may be correct

Telemarketing:

Pros:

• Easy to answer common questions about viewing
• Can be done at home
• Personal information isn't always needed

Cons:

• May become annoying having to do the survey all the time
• Might not give accurate enough information like age, sex and location
• Information and data given may not always be correct

People Meter

A people meter is a small box that is hooked up to the tv and measures the viewing habits of the tv user. Each family member in a household is assigned a 'personal viewing button' The remote that comes along with the people meter identifies and records the users age, sex and viewing status. If the tv is turned on and the user doesn't indentify themselves, the meter will simply flash to remind them to identify themselves before use. The user needs to identify themselves so the people meter can record their viewing status and record the information from that particular viewer.

Vals and Tags

Thinkers-People who are motivated by ideals. Well educated, reasonable incomes. For example: My father

Believers-Moral codes and order is important to them. For example: My Mum

Achievers-Motivated by the goal to succeed and are goal orientated, not big TV watchers. Example: Older sister

Striver-Want to be something, but can't quiet get there. Example:

Experiencers-Motivated by self-expression. Will try anything and do anything. Example: Brother in law

Saving Private Ryan-Close Up Shots

Close up shots

· Shaking of the hands to get a drink
· Close up on the guys face in the boat
· The guy that looks worried
· The guy praying in the boat before getting off onto the beach
· Guy giving orders in boat
· The guy breathing heavy
· The guy kissing his cross
· Gun falling through the water
· Close up of the feet in the sand under water walking
· Close up on the helmet and hands
· Close up on the face with bloody water dripping down his face

In the movie Saving Private Ryan, close ups in the movie are used to enhance the intensity of the film and show the reactions and feelings of the people involved. The close up that is used in the scene where the man goes to get a drink. It does a close up on his trembling hands to show his worries, fear and feelings . In the scene where the man kisses his cross and prays, you get to see the fear in his face and eyes. This shows that they all have a common feeling in the scene, which is fear. The close up on the man putting on his helmet and having bloody water pour out of it shows some of surroundings. In some of the scenes in the film you can also see hope in some of the actions.

Close ups in the movie are used to intensify feelings towards some of the scenes and to add more meaning and depth to what you are seeing. Close ups in the film give more description and show you what some of the people are feeling without having to hear it. It is important to have close ups in this film because it adds more emotion.

The Secret Window-''Self Talk'' Scene

Close Up shots:

· Close up shot of the book he is reading in the car with the page missing
· Close up of the hat that sits on the table
· Close up after he looks in the mirror
· Close up of his arm, trying to find marks
· Close up of him holding a gun
· Close up of him as he become frustrated with the ‘’other voice’’
· Close up after seeing things he doesn’t understand
· Close up of his face as he flashes back

In the movie The Secret Window close ups are used to show the intensity of the scenes. One of the scenes where the hat is sitting on the table a close up is used to show some of his confusions as he picks it up and wears it. By using a close up on the hat in the scene, you are able to get a deeper sense of his confusion and thinking.
Another scene that uses close up in the film is when the camera pans from the mirror that he is looking into as he wears the hat and goes into a close up of his face. By using a close up on his face, you see the confusion, annoyance and anger. It shows that his anger increases along with confusion.
A gun is used in one of the scenes that uses close up. Although in this scene the intensity enhances. A slight tremble is present as he holds the gun. The close up in this scene shows a element of fear and frustration.
The scene where ‘’the other voice’’ is making him more frustrated shows that he is become slightly timmed, scared and annoyed. The close up shows his shaking and heavy breathing. His eyes become wider as he goes into rapid thinking. It creates more meaning in this scene because you see his reactions and fear as it grows.
The close up where he begins to ask more and confusion becomes very present shows that he is becoming more afraid. A slight sadness takes over his eyes as he finds that he is lost in his own mind. The close up clearly shows that he is beginning to crack and find that he is afraid of what he is becoming and thinking. His fear is also present in this scene.
The close up shows that he is thinking back and flashing back to what he didn’t know was a memory. The sight of guilt over powers his face as he flashes back to what he has done, but couldn’t recall before. Fear and guilt almost looks like a sickness in the shot. The close up enhances this. It looks like he can’t smile because guilt and fear becomes his only expression. Without the close up you wouldn’t get a sense of what he is feeling and thinking. You able to get a feel for what he is feeling without it being spoken or deliberately expressed.
It is important to have close ups in this film because it adds more emotion. Close ups in the movie are used to intensify feelings towards some of the scenes and to add more meaning and depth to what you are seeing

Slumdog Millionaire

In the film ‘’Slumdog Millionaire’’ there are many themes used. Some of the themes used include Love, hate, poverty, wealth and racism. These are all very clearly portrayed and noticeable throughout the film.
The movie shows what is really happening in India. Not everyone is shown what really happens and the movie gives you an insight. Religion in India splits its people and country. The movie shows that no matter how old or how wealthy you are, religion will always limit you to some extent.
In the movie young children are hurt mentally, emotionally and left disfigured. The children are disfigured because if a child is handicapped in some way, then they will earn more money out on the street begging. It also shows that money is greed and people will do anything to get what they want and do anything to live. Survival is the number one thing on peoples mind.
Slumdog Millionaire shows that life can change no matter what. Even if life isn’t so great, later on in life what you have learnt through the good and bad can have a positive effect on how your life turns out in the future. But also what happens during the times when it is hard, it can have a negative effect on your life and how you view it.
It showed me that everyone wants to believe in destiny, but because no one can control life, destiny can’t really exist. By changing something in your life, you alter your destiny, you change it in some way. If destiny is already written, then way are people still trying to write it?
The movie really draws you in and makes you want to watch it more and more. For me, the film gives you a real insight to what really happens in people’s lives every day. Almost like it is just the normal way to live. The movie holds fact and also some fiction.
Because the movie is so real, people can relate to it, which gives it a plus side in some way. Because some people can relate to it, it makes them emotionally involved with the film, which is one of the main aims. The people watching movies need to have some kind of emotional or mental connection, something that they can relate to.
I think the movie isn’t just one that you can watch and forget about. It is one of those films that you will remember because of its realism to some people’s lives and situations. It makes you think and also realise what is going on around you in other places. But it also shows you how little you really can do to change any of it.

Elements in the film:

Close up
A close up is used in the beginning of the film. This may be used to show the intensity of the film and shows you any emotion that may be present in the scene. The close up of his face as he sits in a seat shows the feelings that she is showing physically and also emotionally.
This is effective because if the close up was not used, then you wouldn’t really get the same sense of what he is going through during that scene. This helped show that he was going through mental and physical pain as he tried to maintain his innocence to people who couldn’t believe him. Because he looked mentally and physically drained, it looked like he was ready to let it all go and give up. But as he looks up, you see in his eyes that he isn’t ready to let them win and have that control over him.
The fast blinking as smoke is blowed into his face shows irritation. This shows that he is in some way irritated and fed up with the situation. But as he sits, is eyes drift down. This may show that he is tired of trying to maintain his innocence.
In the close up scene, it is light and not dark. If the room was dark, then there will be a whole new feeling added to the film and situation. Muddy colours are used.
He shows expressions that make him look worried and unsure about the situation he is in. It looks like he doesn’t know what to do or how to save himself from the one thing that may take him down, which may happen to be himself. This is similar to some of the shots used in the film ‘’Braveheart’’ During his speech he shows a certain self confidence and has a very convincing tone in his voice as he talks. But he also shows that he is in some way unsure about the outcome and the future.
Because in the movie ‘’Slumdog Millionaire’’ they all believe in destiny and say that it will take its rightful place, but if destiny was really going to take place, then Jamal wouldn’t be trying to get himself out of the situation that he is in. He would just let it all happen and that would be his destiny. But because he tries to get out and be free, he then starts and sets up a whole new destiny for himself. The close ups throughout the film show you this and give you a better understanding.

Music:
There isn’t music used in the starting of the film. This may be because it draws the audience in more and makes you concentrate on the scene and situation. It makes you become more engaged in the moment more. If music had been used, it may have been too distracting and made you drift away from what was happening in the scene and story. The only sounds used is the clicking sound used on ‘’who wants to be a millionaire’’ This adds intensity and the pressure of the situations that lay ahead in the film. Because pressure is added, you get a feeling of what it would be like to in that situation.
When music is added into a scene, it changes the mood and the feelings that are all part of that one scene in the film. Certain music can only be used in a certain scene to add feelings or emotion. I think if music had been added into the starting of the film then it would have taken away from the scene. The intensity and pressure makes you more involved and also makes you become in some way, emotionally connected.

Braveheart Freedom Speech

· Rough setting
· Music to draw you into the scene and speech
· Music adds emotion
· Dull colous in scenery and clothing
· Dull colours show that they day is also dull and not a happy day. Lighter colours would add a more happier emotion, but because they are going to war, the dull colours show the intensity of what they are doing.
· Dull colours intensify the speech and adds seriousness
· Expressions of the people show fear, anger and some regret
· They look engaged in what he is saying
· The blue on his face conveys importance and confidence without being somber or sinister. Shows that he believes in what he saying and doing.
· The way the men stand shows that they are reluctant to fight, but in a way, ready to go and fight.
· His expressions on his face when he talks shows a staunch confidence in him
· He has a convincing tone in his voice

Film Lingo

Film: A series of small photographs that the camera takes at twenty four photographs per second.

Cinema: A cinema is the palce where audiences view films. Cinemas is also the general term used when discussing and analysing all aspects of film and filmmaking.

Shot: A shot is a continuous piece of filmmaking without interruption from the time the camera is turned on ans starts filming untill it is turned off.

Edit: An edit is a break in the film where one shot finishes and the next shot begins.

Scene: A scene is a collection of shots arranged, through editing, in a specific order.

Frame: The frame is literally the boarder or edge of the screen in the cinema-the physical boundray that contains what the audience sees.

Framing: Framing is the art of deciding what images the audience sees within the frame of the cinema screen.

Diegesis: The diegesis of a film is everything contained within the 'world' of that film. Therefore, a diegetic element is an element within the world of the film, while a non-diegetic element is any element outside the world of the film.

Mise-en-scene: An expression used in ion theatre and film to describe aspects of a production. Only rarely is mise-en-scene used in other art forms, but it has been used effectively to analyse photography.

Cinematography: The making of lighting and camera choices when recording photographic images for the cinema. It is closely related to still photography.

Editing: The process of selecting and preparing images, language, sound, video or film through processes of correction, organization and other modifications in various media. A person who edits is an editor.